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Topics
Data & Maps
Surveys & Programs
Resource Library
Research Working Papers
Research Working Papers
Working papers are intended to make results of Census Bureau research available to others and to encourage discussion on a variety of topics. They have not undergone a review and editorial process generally accorded official Census Bureau publications.
List of working papers by series.
Working Paper
Use of Mobile Phone Location Data in Official Statistics
Literature review to assess the state of international research in using mobile phone location data for official statistics and civic planning.
Working Paper
Methodology on Creating the U.S. Linked Retail Health Clinic (LiRHC) Database
Probabilistic matching of the Business Register with external data sources produces a new database with 2,000 retail health clinics operating from 2018 to 2020.
Working Paper
21st Century Statistical Disclosure Limitation
Working Paper
Universal Preschool Lottery Admissions and Its Effects on Long-Run Earnings and Outcomes
A universal preschool program for Indigenous children increased earnings in adulthood by 5 to 6 percent, with gains concentrated among low-income students.
Working Paper
Full Report of the Comparisons of Administrative Record Rosters to Census Self-Responses and NRFU Household Member Responses
This paper compares administrative record rosters to self-response rosters and NRFU household member responses at addresses with multiple sources of data.
Working Paper
Managing Employee Retention Concerns: Evidence from U.S. Census Data
In this paper we examine how firms manage employee retention concerns in response to local wage pressure.
Working Paper
Full Report Comparing Administrative Record Rosters, Self-Response and NRFU Response
This paper compares administrative record rosters used for the 2020 Census to self-response rosters and NRFU household member responses.
Working Paper
Comparisons of Administrative Record Rosters to Census Self-Respons...
Comparisons of Administrative Record Rosters to Census Self-Responses and NRFU Household Member Responses
Working Paper
Criminal Court Fees, Earnings, and Expenditures: A Multi-State RD Analysis of Survey and Administrative Data
We study the impact of criminal court fees on labor market outcomes, recidivism, and other measures of well-being.
Working Paper
Re-examining Regional Income Convergence: A Distributional Approach
This paper documents that state income distributions have diverged in recent decades, driven by top incomes, and provides new statistics on state convergence.
Working Paper
Feedback from Field Staff on National Health Interview Survey Material
Qualitative study National Health Interview Survey field staff on respondent-facing materials, follow-up letters and proposed incentives.
Working Paper
National Experimental Wellbeing Statistics - Version 1
The NEWS project aims to produce the best possible estimates of income and poverty given all available survey and administrative data.
Working Paper
Some Open Questions on Multiple-Source Extensions of Adaptive-Survey Design Concepts and Methods
This paper discusses how adaptive survey design concepts can be extended and applied to an environment that includes both survey and alternative data sources.
Working Paper
Industry Linkages from Joint Production
Knowledge-sharing across a firm’s industries generates economies of scope. A 10% increase in output in one industry lowers prices in other industries by 0.4%.
Working Paper
An Annotated Bibliography of Privacy-Violating Attacks
This annotated bibliography is intended to serve as a convenient guide to papers constituting the scientific literature on privacy-violating attacks.
Working Paper
Estimating the Impact of the Age of Criminal Majority: Decomposing Multiple Treatments in a Regression Discontinuity Framework
This paper studies the impact of adult prosecution on recidivism and employment trajectories for adolescent, first-time felony defendants.
Working Paper
Ask U.S. Panel Pilot General Population Final Report
Pilot of the Ask U.S. Panel to produce representative and reliable statistics on a rapid turnaround for the U.S. Census Bureau and partnering organizations.
Working Paper
Statistical Methodology (2021) for Voting Rights Act, Section 203 D...
Statistical Methodology (2021) for Voting Rights Act, Section 203 Determinations
Working Paper
Race, Class, and Mobility in U.S. Marriage Markets
We study racial disparities in marital and economic status by linking American Community Survey respondents to their parents’ tax records.
Working Paper
Eclipse of Rent-Sharing: The Effects of Managers' Business Education on Wages and the Labor Share in the U.S. and Denmark
This paper provides evidence from the U.S. and Denmark that managers with a business degree reduce employees’ wages and labor share at their firms.
Working Paper
Business Dynamics Statistics for Single-Unit Firms
The Business Dynamics Statistics of Single Unit Firms provides quarterly data on firm exit and employment changes, shedding new light on the COVID-19 recession.
Working Paper
Family Pies: Effects of Family Resource Shares in Childhood
Effects of birth order on various outcomes have been extensively studied in both life sciences and social sciences.
Working Paper
The Long-run Effects of the 1930s Redlining Maps on Children
We estimate the long-run effects of HOLC redlining maps by linking 1940 Census children to 1970s IRS administrative income data and 2000 Census education data.
Working Paper
Maternal and Infant Health Inequality: New Evidence From Linked Administrative Data
We link California birth, hospitalization, and death records with parental income to provide evidence on economic inequality in infant and maternal health.
Working Paper
Is Affirmative Action in Employment Still Effective in the 21st Century?
This paper studies Executive Order 11246, an employment-based affirmative action policy targeted at firms holding contracts with the U.S. federal government.
Working Paper
Long-Run Adult Socio-economic Outcomes from In Utero Airborne Lead Exposure
This paper documents the long-term effects of in utero exposure to air lead on adult socio-economic outcomes using Census survey and administrative data.
Working Paper
Cognitive Pretesting of 2023 American Housing Survey Modules
Testing of new and revised modules: healthy homes, first generation homeowner, heat risk, power outage and cooling problems.
Working Paper
Investment and Subjective Uncertainty
We evaluate the impact of uncertainty on investment using a measure of managers’ subjective uncertainty from the Management and Organizational Practices Survey.
Working Paper
Cognitive Testing of the 2019 American Community Survey Due Date Test
Testing of a due date message in the 5th ACS mailing, which is the final opportunity to motivate a self-response prior to the more costly in-person operation.
Working Paper
SNAP Receipt in SIPP: Using Administrative Records to Evaluate Data Quality
This conference paper examines SNAP survey data quality using the 2014-2020 SIPP data linked to select state-level administrative records.
Working Paper
COMPoissonReg: Usage, the Normalizing Constant, and Other Computati...
COMPoissonReg: Usage, the Normalizing Constant, and Other Computational Details
Working Paper
LEHD Snapshot Documentation, Release S2021_R2022Q4
The LEHD Snapshot provides linked employer-employee data for researcher use. This paper provides user guidance and codebooks for release S2021_R2022Q4.
Working Paper
Measuring School Poverty: An Exercise in Convergent Validity
How best to measure school poverty? We compare options in Oregon and find encouraging evidence for the use of direct certification-based measures.
Working Paper
Exploring New Ways to Classify Industries for Energy Analysis and Modeling
Industry energy demand is estimated using machine learning and cladistics. Census data validates the use of U.S. EPA data to estimate manufacturing fuel use.
Working Paper
Using Small-Area Estimation (SAE) to Estimate Prevalence of Child Health Outcomes at the Census Regional-, State-, and County-Levels
Implementing small-area estimation to assess the prevalence of child health outcomes at the county, state, and regional levels, using national survey data.
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